In representational art, realism, or classical, all depend on some elementary art lessons to achieve what is considered a "real looking" three dimensional object onto a two dimension piece of canvas.
It is called form, or modeling. It's what is done on the canvas to mimic what the viewer is seeing.
The following examples give the major components of objects painted and what each part is referred to when painting them.
As time permits, I'll be adding more to this section of the site Elementary Art Lessons to help in showing some of the basic things we do as artist's that will become second nature to you in the future, but is necessary to understand when a person speaks about how a painting is constructed. There are so many things that can go here. Why not let me know what your having troubles with? And what great things you've accomplished with learning from this site. I have a survey form below. Take a few moments and fill me in on what YOU would like to learn about.